Partner 1-Ghent

Participant 1: (co-ordinator) Ghent University (UGent), Belgium

Kristien Van Reeth, DVM, PhD, professor
Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Virology
Salisburylaan 133
B-9820 Merelbeke
Belgium

Role and contribution:
P1 is overall co-ordinator
Manager of WPs 1, 2 and 4.
Participation in all WPs.

Qualifications and suitability:
The Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UGent, has a long tradition in research of the pathogenesis of viral diseases of swine, for which it is internationally recognized. The laboratory has 25 years of experience with swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in Europe. The group was the first to isolate avian-like H1N1 influenza viruses from swine in ‘79 and to demonstrate an association between infection with human-like H3N2 viruses and respiratory disease outbreaks in ‘84. Other major achievements have been the development of a challenge model to test vaccine-efficacy in pigs and clinical studies into the role of swine influenza virus in combined infections with porcine reproductive-respiratory syndrome virus and other respiratory viruses. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in influenza pathogenesis and disease, and the immune response following SIV infection or vaccination are major research topics. Research projects to study the role of swine as an intermediate host for avian influenza viruses have been recently awarded. The laboratory has access to field material from pigs and to SIVs isolated from ‘83 throughout ‘05. Also, there is a large collection of influenza virus-positive nasal swabs and of welldefined sera against one or several SIV subtypes from previous experimental infection studies. There is extensive experience with all classical techniques for SIV detection and for the serologic diagnosis. In May 1999, this group has organised a ‘Symposium on Animal Influenza Viruses’ in cooperation with the European Society for Veterinary Virology (ESVV). The laboratory of virology has also played a key role in the completed “European surveillance network for swine influenza in pigs” (EU concerted action QLRT-1999-31636). Other important research topics include interactions between porcine respiratory viruses and bacterial endotoxins, lung pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and immune-evasion with Aujeszky’s disease virus and equine herpesvirus

Partner 2-Weybridge

Participant 2: Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), UK

Ian Brown, MIBiol, PhD
Veterinary Laboratories Agency
Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone
Surrey KT15 3NB
UK

Role and contribution:
P2 will manage WPs 3, 5 and 8.
Participation in all WPs.

Qualifications and suitability:
The Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA) is an Executive Agency of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. It provides a specialist veterinary resource to the UK Government to help it fulfil its aims and objectives in veterinary public health and developing sustainable agriculture and food industries. The VLA has a large headquarters site near Weybridge in Surrey, where most of the research activities take place. The Weybridge site is a well-equipped facility with high bio-containment level L3+ facilities. In addition, there are 15 smaller Regional Laboratories, which provide a surveillance network throughout Great Britain. The principal mission of the VLA is to
“safeguard public and animal health through world class veterinary research and surveillance of farmed livestock & wildlife”. The Virology department at VLA has a workgroup of 21 scientists dedicated to diagnostic, surveillance and research activities for avian viruses and influenza in pigs. The primary functions of this group are to act in a consultative capacity to government and, where applicable, to the European Union and other international agencies, in the areas of statutory and non-statutory avian diseases and mammalian influenza viruses. The work group is responsible for the diagnosis of statutory avian diseases and as such is the designated National Laboratory for Newcastle disease and avian influenza. There is also a comprehensive diagnostic service for non-statutory avian virus diseases and some aspects of swine influenza diagnosis are done within the group. This includes the development of diagnostic tests based on new technologies. In addition the work group is designated the following international reference laboratories:

• OIE Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza.
• FAO Reference Laboratory for Newcastle disease and Avian Influenza
• FAO Collaborating Centre on Diseases of Poultry
• European Community Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease
• European Community Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza

Partner 3-Lelystad

Participant 3: CIDC-Lelystad, The Netherlands

Willie Loeffen, DVM
Department of Virology, CIDC-Lelystad
P.O.Box 2004
8203AA Lelystad
The Netherlands

Role and contribution:
P3 will manage WPs 6 and 7.
Participation in WPs 4 and 8.


Qualifications and suitability:
The Central Institute for Animal Disease Control (CIDC-Lelystad) is the national reference laboratory for all notifiable and exotic diseases in the Netherlands. It has specific expertise in the prevention, detection and control of notifiable animal diseases related to Dutch and European legislation. CIDC’s research field spans all notifiable diseases of farm animals (including fish, poultry and bees) in List A and B of the OIE. CIDC-Lelystad is responsible for the surveillance of notifiable infectious animal diseases in livestock. CIDC-Lelystad performs diagnostic tests related to export certification and supervises diagnostic standards for other Dutch veterinary laboratories. Furthermore they evaluate veterinary medicinal products and feed additives on behalf of the Dutch government. CIDC-Lelystad has an important role in providing laboratory facilities and expertise in crisis situations, as was the case with CSF (1997/98), BSE (since 1999), FMD (2001), anthrax (since 2001) and avian influenza (2003). CIDC’s research primarily aims at improving diagnostics and elucidating the pathogenesis and epidemiology of diseases. Highly infectious pathogens can be handled in the institutes High Containment Facility (BSL 3/4). CIDC-Lelystad is certified for ISO-17025 for specific diagnostic tests and ISO-9001 for other activities

Partner 4-Parma

Participant 4: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia
Romagna (ISZLER), Italy

Emanuela Foni, DVM,
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna
Sezione Diagnostica di Parma
Via dei Mercati, 13/A
43100 Parma
Italy

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.


Qualifications and suitability:
The “Istituto Zooprofilattico” Network in Italy is a Technical-Scientific Agency of the Ministry of Health. It consists of 10 Central Head Laboratories and hundreds of provincial diagnostic divisions (Section or “Sezione”) and is the largest enterprise for Veterinary Services in the EEC. The “Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna” (IZSLER) has his Central Head Laboratory in Brescia and smaller diagnostic laboratories in each of the 20 provinces of the two regions, Lombardia and Emilia Romagna. The provincial laboratories have the most modern equipment for an accurate and rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases of animals and only particularly complex analyses are sent to the highly specialised laboratories in Brescia. The IZSLER is also on the forefront in experimental research on transmissible diseases of animals, consultancy and assistance to stockbreeders, and production of veterinary vaccines, diagnostics and pharmaceutical products. The IZSLER is also involved in surveillance of 46000 bovine herds and 14000 swine herds, besides carrying out control of 2852 plants for slaughtering and food processing. The provincial Sezione in Parma of the IZSLER was founded in 1972. Dr. G. Barigazzi is the current director and Dr. E. Foni collaborates in laboratory activities. The Virology Laboratory has been working on swine influenza since 1976 and has collected more than 400 SIV isolates, most of which have been further characterised at the NIMR (National Institute for Medical Research) in London. Since 1993 the laboratory has performed surveillance of influenza viruses in wild waterfowl. The lab has actively participated in ESNIP 1.

Partner 5-Ploufragan

Participant 5: Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), France

François Madec, Msc, PhD
Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments
Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherches Avicoles et Porcines
Unité d'Epidémiologie et Bien-Etre Porcin.
Zoopôle Les Croix
BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan
France

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
The “Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments” (French Food Safety Agency – AFSSA) is a governmental organisation reporting to three Ministries, Health, Agriculture and Consumer affairs. The Agency’s objective is to ensure food safety, from the production of raw materials right through distribution to the consumer. The Agency has specific responsibilities in animal health and welfare and veterinary medicines. The Ploufragan laboratory (LERAP) conducts research, gives scientific and technical support and delivers expert reports in respect of poultry, rabbit and pig productions. It is National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Swine Fevers, for Newcastle disease and for Avian Influenza; it is OIE Reference Laboratory for Gumboro’s disease and avian mycoplasmosis and is OIE associated Reference Laboratory for Aujeszky’s disease. The LERAP group has extensive experience in swine virology and vaccinology and has high containment facilities for experimental infections. The “Swine Epidemiology and Welfare Unit”, involved in the previous concerted action (ESNIP 1), has acquired a strong experience on surveillance of swine influenza virus and other respiratory syndromes. This unit closely collaborates with the “Swine Virology and Immunology Unit” and with the “Avian and Rabbit Virology, Immunology and Parasitology Unit ”, which is the national reference lab for avian influenza. The groups have classical and molecular tools for swine and avian influenza viruses and access to mixed farms with swine and poultry.

Partner 6-Marburg

Participant 6: Philipps University (PU), Germany


Mikhail Matrosovich
Institute of Virology, Philipps University
Robert-Koch Str. 17
D-35037, Marburg
Germany

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 3, 6 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
The Institute of Virology, Philipps University, Marburg is a centre for diagnostic and research activities and education at the Medical School of the university. The staff includes about 60 scientists and technicians and 20 postdoctoral fellows working on epidemiologically important viruses including influenza, measles, Nipah viruses, SARS coronavirus, adenoviruses, cytomegaloviruses, and hemorrhagic fever viruses (Marburg, Ebola and Lassa viruses). The institute houses the National Reference Laboratory for Filoviruses. The research projects at the Institute of Virology are funded by numerous sources, among them
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Sonder-forschungsbereiche and the EU.

Partner 7-Lyon

Participant 7: MERIAL, France

Michel Bublot
Virology Dpt, Discovery Research, Merial
254, rue Marcel Mérieux
69007 Lyon
France

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 2, 6 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
Merial is the largest animal health company in the world and has a longstanding experience in developing and producing veterinary vaccines, influenza vaccines in particular. Merial has commercially available vaccines and an active research program on swine, equine and avian influenza. Merial was an active participant in ESNIP 1. Merial has contact with different influenza laboratories and may contribute to WP8.

Partner 8-Gerona

Participant 8: Laboratorios HIPRA, Spain

Jaime Maldonado
Veterinary Diagnostic Services DIAGNOS, Laboratorios HIPRA S.A.
Avenida La Selva s/n,
Amer 17170 Gerona
Spain

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
Founded in 1954, LABORATORIOS HIPRA is an independent pharmaceutical company dedicated to researching, manufacturing and marketing veterinary products. HIPRA has subsidiaries in Uruguay, Peru, Portugal, China, Philippines, Mexico and Brazil and country managers in several countries around the world. Headquartered in Amer, Gerona, Spain, HIPRA has high security and isolation facilities for R&D, production, testing and delivering activities. Research and Development of new products is one of HIPRA's highest priorities. Also, HIPRA takes an active part in several national and international research projects in collaboration with universities and Spanish and foreign public centres. HIPRA markets several vaccines for viral diseases of swine such PRRSV, ADV and SIV. HIPRA’s R&D department in collaboration with numerous reference laboratories has developed the products (ELISA kits) in the CIVTEST™ range. The company has the largest veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Spain, dealing with more than 9000 diagnostic submissions per year. Recently, HIPRA’s diagnostic staff isolated for the first time an H1N2 SIV from pigs in Spain. The company has access to SIV field isolates and swine sera and has collaborated on a voluntary basis with the ESNIP 1 action.

Partner 9-Sofia

Participant 9: National Diagnostic Veterinary Research Institute (NDVRI), Bulgaria

Ivaylo Chenchev, PhD, professor
Department of Exotic Diseases, National Diagnostic Veterinary Research Institute
15, "P.Slavejkov" Blvd.
1606 Sofia
Bulgaria

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 1, 4, 6 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
The Department of Exotic diseases, National Diagnostic Research Veterinary Institute, is responsible for all diagnosis of exotic and notifiable diseases of live stock in Bulgaria. Main activities of the NDRVI are the statutory task for diagnosis of the diseases of List A and B of OIE and development of diagnostic tools for endemic and zoonotic diseases. Researchers in this institute have been working with avian and equine influenza viruses for years and they have access to material from swine in the field.

Partner 10-HongKong

Participant 10: University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong

Malik Peiris, MD, PhD, professor
Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong
University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital
Pokfulam
Hong Kong SAR

Role and contribution:
Participation in WPs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8.

Qualifications and suitability:
The Department of Microbiology at The University of Hong Kong has being carrying out surveillance of animal (both swine and avian) influenza viruses for over 30 years as part of a program initiated by KF Shortridge in the 1970’s. This program has been continued and intensified in recent years and is now led by co-principal investigators Y Guan and JSM Peiris. Regular surveillance of swine influenza viruses has been ongoing since 1999 with virus isolation by inoculation of MDCK cells and embryonated eggs. Serology is carried out using HAI tests and neutralization tests. We were the first to report the isolation of H9N2 influenza viruses from pigs in 1998 and the isolation of contemporary human-like H3N2 influenza viruses in 1998/9. In addition to influenza surveillance in swine, this group has been actively involved in studies on the ecology, evolution and pathogenesis of avian influenza viruses.